Microcytic Anemia
Overview
Microcytic anemia is defined as the presence of small, often hypochromic, red blood cells in a peripheral blood smear and is usually characterized by a low MCV (less than 83 micron 3). Iron deficiency is the most common cause of microcytic anemia.1
Microcytic anemia types
- Hypochromic microcytic anemias include Iron deficiency anemia, Thalassemia and Sideroblastic anemia.
- Normochromic microcytic anemias include Anemia of inflammation and chronic disease.
- Hyperchromic microcytic anemias include Congenital spherocytic anemia that is very rare.2
Symptoms
The individual may not notice any symptoms of microcytic anemia at first. Symptoms often appear at an advanced stage when the lack of normal red blood cells is affecting their tissues. Common symptoms of microcytic anemias include:
- Fatigue, weakness, and tiredness
- Loss of stamina
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness
- Pale skin2
Causes and risk factors depend on the type of microcytic anemia.2
